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What is Biotechnology?

Biotechnology is the use of living systems and organisms to develop or make products, or "any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use" (according to the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity). It is a rapidly growing field that encompasses a wide range of industries, including pharmaceuticals, healthcare, agriculture, and environmental management.  

Biotechnology Curriculum

There are many different educational options for those interested in pursuing a career in biotechnology. Undergraduate and graduate programs are available in biotechnology, biology, chemistry, and related fields. These programs may cover subjects such as genetics, molecular biology, biochemistry, and cellular biology. Some programs may also include hands-on laboratory experience and internships to provide students with practical skills and experience.

Jobs in Biotechnology

Biotechnology careers are diverse and can range from conducting research in a laboratory setting to working in healthcare, agriculture, or the food industry. Some common jobs in this field include: Biochemists study the chemical processes in living things, such as cell development, DNA, and mutation. They may also study the effects of drugs, hormones, nutrients, and other elements on the body. To do this, biochemists conduct experiments and analyze data using techniques such as molecular biology, biochemistry, and biophysics. Their research may lead to the development of new medications or treatments, or a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of diseases. In addition to working in research labs, biochemists may also work in the pharmaceutical industry or for government agencies.
  • Median salary: $81,480 to $91,190. 
  • Skills needed: strong background in biology, chemistry, and research methods.
  Biomedical engineers design and develop medical equipment and devices, as well as systems and software used in the healthcare industry. They may work on projects such as creating artificial organs, developing diagnostic machines, or designing prosthetics. Biomedical engineers may also be involved in testing and evaluating the safety and effectiveness of their designs. In addition to their technical skills, biomedical engineers need to have a strong understanding of biology, anatomy, and physiology to ensure that their designs meet the needs of patients and healthcare professionals. 
  • Median salary: $86,220 to $88,040. 
  • Skills needed: engineering, biology, chemistry, and software.
  Medical scientists conduct research to improve human health and understanding of diseases. They may work on projects such as developing new medications or medical devices, or studying the underlying causes of diseases. Medical scientists typically work in a laboratory setting and use techniques such as molecular biology, biochemistry, and genetics to conduct experiments and analyze data. In addition to their research duties, medical scientists may also be involved in preparing and standardizing medical samples, as well as manufacturing and distributing drugs.
  • Median salary: $76,980 to $82,240.
  • Skills needed: knowledge of biotechnology, biochemistry, and pharmacology.
  Genetic counselors assess the gene strands of patients and their families to help them understand the risks of contracting certain diseases and disorders. They may use genetic testing and other techniques to gather and analyze genetic data, and then provide information and support to patients and families about the potential impacts of genetic conditions. Genetic counselors may work in hospitals, clinics, or laboratories and may also be involved in educating patients and other healthcare professionals about genetics and genetic testing.
  • Median salary: $72,090. 
  • Skills needed: knowledge of biotechnology, biochemistry, and pharmacology.
  Agricultural and food scientists ensure that crops and animals meet safety standards before being used in the food industry. They may also conduct research on topics such as plant and animal breeding, crop production, and soil management. Food scientists, on the other hand, focus on the quality and compliance of food products. They may work on projects such as improving food processing methods, developing new food products, or determining the nutritional content of foods. 
  • Median salary: $61,480 to $71,730. 
  • Skills needed: knowledge of chemistry, microbiology, and food technology.
  Microbiologists study microorganisms such as bacteria, algae, fungi, and viruses. They may research the characteristics and behaviors of these organisms, as well as their roles in various environments and industries. Their work can lead to the development of products that diagnose and treat infectious diseases, as well as other applications such as food preservation and environmental remediation. 
  • Median salary: $66,260 to $69,960. 
  • Skills needed: knowledge of microbiology, biology, and research methods.
  Biotechnologists use biotechnology to create products or processes that have a practical use, such as in the medical, agricultural, or environmental fields. They may work on projects such as developing new drugs or medical treatments, creating sustainable fuel sources, or improving crop yields.   
  • Median salary: $66,260 to $69,960. 
  • Skills needed: knowledge of biotechnology and related fields such as biology, chemistry, and engineering.
  Biomedical sales representatives sell medical equipment and supplies to healthcare facilities and professionals. They may also provide product demonstrations and training, as well as answer customer questions and address any concerns.   
  • Median salary: $58,500 to $82,500. 
  • Skills needed: sales and communication skills, knowledge of the healthcare industry.
  Biomedical writers create written content about biotechnology and related fields for a variety of audiences, such as scientific journals, websites, or the general public. They may write articles, research papers, grant proposals, or other types of content and may also be responsible for editing and fact-checking their work.   
  • Median salary: $54,000 to $90,000. 
  • Skills needed: writing and editing skills, knowledge of biotechnology and related fields.
  Overall, the key work of biotechnology professionals involves using living systems and organisms to develop or make products, or to modify processes for specific use. This can be in a variety of fields including healthcare, agriculture, and the food industry. Biotechnology professionals may conduct research in a laboratory setting, design medical equipment or other products, or work in sales or communication roles.   To be successful in a biotechnology career, individuals may need strong backgrounds in biology, chemistry, and related fields such as engineering or pharmacology. Other important skills may include research methods, analytical and problem-solving abilities, and strong communication and stakeholder management skills.